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Discover Charles Darwin's most important ideas... When the eminent naturalist Charles Darwin returned from South America on board the H. M. S Beagle in 1836, he brought notes and evidence that would form the basis of his landmark theory: that species evolve by a process of natural selection. This theory, published as The Origin of Species in 1859, is the basis of modern biology and the concept of biodiversity.
It also sparked a fierce scientific, religious and philosophical debate that still rages today. WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY DARWIN'S GREAT-GREAT-GRANDDAUGHTER, RUTH PADEL